Ballotpedia, Shiva Ayyadurai

LinkedIn

Shiva was born in Bombay, India. He holds a bachelor's degree, a master's degree in visual studies, a second master's degree in mechanical engineering, and a doctorate degree in biological engineering, all from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He was also a Fullbright Scholar. 

THE ECONOMIC TIMES, V A Shiva Ayyadurai: The Indian-American who invented 'Email' at 14 yrs of age

Shiva is an entrepreneur, engineer, and scientist. He is the chairman and CEO of CytoSolve, Inc., founder and managing director of Systems Health, LLC, and founder and board member of the International Center for Integrative Systems. He is also the founder of Innovation Corps and the founder and chairman of EchoMail, Inc. He was awarded the first US Copyright for Email in 1982 and authored 10 books.

Shiva Ayyadurai ran for US Senate in Massachusetts in 2020 and 2018, but he did not win. 

Supports open access to federally funded research data.

Supported using citizen tax dollars to federally funding academic research data to provide easy public access. 

- Supported using citizen tax dollars to federally funding academic research data to provide easy public access. 

Education

Facebook

Said, "I will fight for the right to try experimental treatments for those who are dying."

Opposes outsourcing healthcare to large hospitals and insurance and pharmaceutical companies. 

Wants to establish a healthcare system where citizens pay their primary-care physician between $50-75 dollars a month and have that doctor address "80 percent" of one's health issues.

Opposes government involvement in healthcare.

- Opposes outsourcing healthcare to large hospitals and insurance and pharmaceutical companies. 
- Wants to establish a healthcare system where citizens pay their primary-care physician between $50-75 dollars a month and have that doctor address "80 percent" of one's health issues.
- Opposes government involvement in healthcare.

Healthcare

As of June 6, 2025, Shiva Ayyadurai’s website did not contain information on this issue.

Public Safety

Believes "American politicians do as Israel wants".

Promises he will not "send ONE American to fight a War, Israel started."

- Believes "American politicians do as Israel wants".
- Promises he will not "send ONE American to fight a War, Israel started."

Foreign Policy and Immigration

Environment

IDAHO DISPATCH, Foreign-born Presidential Candidate to Appear on Idaho Ballots

Currently in legal disputes in multiple states for being removed from ballots due to not being a natural-born US citizen, but asserts he fulfills Constitutional requirements because “native born” is not defined.

Believes "fools such as Jimmy Dore, Joe Rogan, Jordan Peterson, Andrew Tate, Booby F'ing Kennedy must be HATED." saying they are "racist lap dogs promoted by The Swarm uncensored to censor independent movements..."

- Currently in legal disputes in multiple states for being removed from ballots due to not being a natural-born US citizen, but asserts he fulfills Constitutional requirements because “native born” is not defined.
- Believes "fools such as Jimmy Dore, Joe Rogan, Jordan Peterson, Andrew Tate, Booby F'ing Kennedy must be HATED." saying they are "racist lap dogs promoted by The Swarm uncensored to censor independent movements..."

Ethics & Conduct

Believes "Only a bottom’s up MOVEMENT led by workers not Union “bosses” will deliver real change."

Believes prices will increase because the ".00001%" of earners in America want more profits rather than workers' salaries.

Wanted the US Postal to develop digital infrastructure to remove online censorship.

- Believes "Only a bottom’s up MOVEMENT led by workers not Union “bosses” will deliver real change."
- Believes prices will increase because the ".00001%" of earners in America want more profits rather than workers' salaries.
- Wanted the US Postal to develop digital infrastructure to remove online censorship.

Economy

Said "Clinton's, Kennedy's, Biden's, Obama's, and Bush's...have hijacked America..."

- Said "Clinton's, Kennedy's, Biden's, Obama's, and Bush's...have hijacked America..."

Voting & Elections

Instagram

Twitter

Shiva Ayyadurai

Ballotpedia - Chase Oliver

Chase was born in Nashville, Tennessee but currently lives in Georgia. He earned a bachelor's degree in aeronautical engineering and a master's degree in business administration from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, and a master's degree and PhD degree in economics from The George Washington University. He is married to his wife, and they have 4 children.

The Guardian -  The ‘armed and gay’ Senate hopeful who helped force Georgia’s runoff

Chase is a sales account executive for a financial services company and a human resources representative for a securities firm. He also has experience working in import shipping for a multinational liner service. 

Chase Oliver ran for the Unites States Senate in Georgia in 2022, and for the House of Representatives in Georgia's 5th district in 2020. 

Plans to abolish the Department of Education (DoE), return funds for the DoE to taxpayers.

Promises to end government provided student loans, make all student loans interest free, end future government-guaranteed loans, and permit individual bankruptcy to cancel student loan debt.

- Plans to abolish the Department of Education (DoE), return funds for the DoE to taxpayers.
- Promises to end government provided student loans, make all student loans interest free, end future government-guaranteed loans, and permit individual bankruptcy to cancel student loan debt.

Opposes government intervention on the issue of abortion as well as government funding for abortion, labels himself as "pro-choice".

Plans to invest in employer regulated insurance models like the "Direct Primary Care model", believing that government overregulation increases health care costs.

Plans to reform the health care drug market process to reduce high drug prices with free markets.

- Opposes government intervention on the issue of abortion as well as government funding for abortion, labels himself as "pro-choice".
- Plans to invest in employer regulated insurance models like the "Direct Primary Care model", believing that government overregulation increases health care costs.
- Plans to reform the health care drug market process to reduce high drug prices with free markets.

Plans to reform the criminal justice system by ending qualified immunity for federal law enforcement, ending mandatory minimum sentencing requirements, and ending the prosecution of "victimless crimes".

Promises to decriminalize cannabis, remove federal banking regulations on the cannabis industry, and issue presidential pardons to people convicted for non-violent drug offenses.

Said, "It’s time to end more than two generations of regressive, harmful, and unproductive drug policy and move America into a new chapter."

Opposes the death penalty, believes that it does not discourage crime, and may result in the death of innocent people.

Opposes gun restrictions, and plans to repeal existing restrictions.

Opposes warrantless wiretaps, the Patriot Act, and perceived overreaches of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act. 

Promises to protect individual privacy and civil liberties by pardoning people who have exposed illegal government overreach and violation of privacy.

- Plans to reform the criminal justice system by ending qualified immunity for federal law enforcement, ending mandatory minimum sentencing requirements, and ending the prosecution of "victimless crimes".
- Promises to decriminalize cannabis, remove federal banking regulations on the cannabis industry, and issue presidential pardons to people convicted for non-violent drug offenses.
- Said, "It’s time to end more than two generations of regressive, harmful, and unproductive drug policy and move America into a new chapter."
- Opposes the death penalty, believes that it does not discourage crime, and may result in the death of innocent people.
- Opposes gun restrictions, and plans to repeal existing restrictions.
- Opposes warrantless wiretaps, the Patriot Act, and perceived overreaches of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act. 
- Promises to protect individual privacy and civil liberties by pardoning people who have exposed illegal government overreach and violation of privacy.

Said, "There are few better examples of “bad government” than the overly complex current laws and regulations involving immigration. The President needs to take the lead and work with Congress to radically simplify our immigration system... Immigrants built this country and they can help keep it growing and prospering..."

Opposes drone strikes and frequent intervention of the United States into international conflicts, and instead believes that international peace is created by free trade and free markets.

Said, "It’s time we focus our foreign policy on Peace... Our nation has long had the moniker ‘leader of the free world.’  It is time we earn that distinction by insisting that Peace is the way forward..."

Plans to neutralize the loss of interest revenue from student loans by cutting costs in the Department of Defense, closing military bases overseas, and withdrawing troops abroad.

- Said, "There are few better examples of “bad government” than the overly complex current laws and regulations involving immigration. The President needs to take the lead and work with Congress to radically simplify our immigration system... Immigrants built this country and they can help keep it growing and prospering..."
- Opposes drone strikes and frequent intervention of the United States into international conflicts, and instead believes that international peace is created by free trade and free markets.
- Said, "It’s time we focus our foreign policy on Peace... Our nation has long had the moniker ‘leader of the free world.’  It is time we earn that distinction by insisting that Peace is the way forward..."
- Plans to neutralize the loss of interest revenue from student loans by cutting costs in the Department of Defense, closing military bases overseas, and withdrawing troops abroad.

As of June 6, 2025, Chase Oliver’s website did not contain information on this issue.

Supports reforming tax policy, eliminating "unnecessary" taxes, and ending subsidies for large companies in order to aid small businesses.

Said, "People create jobs, not the Government. The best I can do as President is to keep the government out of your way."

Said, "I want a well-educated populace that can compete with the minds of any other nation, but not at the cost of our nation's financial and retirement security."

Plans to balance the government budget to reduce inflation.

- Supports reforming tax policy, eliminating "unnecessary" taxes, and ending subsidies for large companies in order to aid small businesses.
- Said, "People create jobs, not the Government. The best I can do as President is to keep the government out of your way."
- Said, "I want a well-educated populace that can compete with the minds of any other nation, but not at the cost of our nation's financial and retirement security."
- Plans to balance the government budget to reduce inflation.

Advocates ranked choice voting in elections.

- Advocates ranked choice voting in elections.

Chase Oliver

Claudia was born in the South Bronx. She attended the City University of New York (CUNY). She has a son.

Claudia is the co-executive director and co-founder of the The People’s Forum in New York City. She served as the pastor of Iglesia San Romero de Las Américas–UCC and co-founder of Da Urban Butterflies (DUB).

Ballotpedia, Claudia De la Cruz

Claudia De la Cruz's campaign for US president is her first run for public office.

Supports making quality healthcare, education through college, free childcare, decent housing, and a living wage with union representation constitutional rights.

Supports making education through college a constitutional right.

Supports expanding affirmative action programs.

Believes all young people should understand "the horrors of white supremacy" and supports teaching racism's history to develop an appreciation for why it must be eradicated.

Opposes bans on "critical race theory" in schools.

- Supports making education through college a constitutional right.
- Supports expanding affirmative action programs.
- Opposes bans on "critical race theory" in schools.

Supports making quality healthcare a constitutional right.

Believes hospitals and pharmaceutical companies should be publicly controlled to provide free healthcare.

Wants hospitals and pharmaceutical companies to be publicly controlled in order to provide free healthcare.

Believes the healthcare system must prioritize eliminating the disparity in maternal mortality rates for Black women.

Supports abortion access without restrictions and advocates for it to be provided free of charge.

- Supports making quality healthcare a constitutional right.
- Wants hospitals and pharmaceutical companies to be publicly controlled in order to provide free healthcare.
- Believes the healthcare system must prioritize eliminating the disparity in maternal mortality rates for Black women.
- Supports abortion access without restrictions and advocates for it to be provided free of charge.

Supports disbanding the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and the National Security Agency (NSA).

Wants to disband the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and the National Security Agency (NSA).

Prioritizes addressing mass incarceration through rehabilitation and reintegration into society.

Supports full equality for LGBTQ people and national legislation banning discrimination.

Supports long prison sentences for "cops responsible for racist brutality" to end the "era of impunity."

- Wants to disband the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and the National Security Agency (NSA).
- Prioritizes addressing mass incarceration through rehabilitation and reintegration into society.
- Supports full equality for LGBTQ people and national legislation banning discrimination.
- Supports long prison sentences for "cops responsible for racist brutality" to end the "era of impunity."

Supports granting legal status to immigrant workers and integrating them into unions to promote fair wages.

Supports the Palestinian people's "fight for freedom and an end to the genocide in Gaza."

Believes the Pentagon should immediately close all military bases in other countries.

Prioritizes the immediate closure of all U.S. military bases in other countries.

Supports abolishing the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) military alliance and the U.S. Africa Command (AFRICOM).

Supports lifting economic sanctions on countries such as Cuba, Venezuela, and Iran.

- Supports granting legal status to immigrant workers and integrating them into unions to promote fair wages.
- Supports the Palestinian people's "fight for freedom and an end to the genocide in Gaza."
- Supports ending all aid to Israel.
- Prioritizes the immediate closure of all U.S. military bases in other countries.
- Supports abolishing the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) military alliance and the U.S. Africa Command (AFRICOM).
- Supports lifting economic sanctions on countries such as Cuba, Venezuela, and Iran.

Supports the public takeover of fossil fuel corporations to repurpose them for generating renewable energy.

Supports the public takeover of "fossil fuel" corporations to repurpose them for generating renewable energy.

Believes capitalist agriculture is wasteful, especially with water, and supports seizing agribusiness land and technology for sustainable food production by farmers.

Supports expanding public transportation with a fleet of electric vehicles, ensuring no autoworker will lose their job.

Supports expanding public transportation through electric vehicles and ensuring no autoworker will lose their job.

- Supports the public takeover of "fossil fuel" corporations to repurpose them for generating renewable energy.
- Believes capitalist agriculture is wasteful, especially with water, and supports seizing agribusiness land and technology for sustainable food production by farmers.
- Supports expanding public transportation through electric vehicles and ensuring no autoworker will lose their job.

As of June 6, 2025, Claudia De la Cruz’s website did not contain information on this issue.

Believes the 100 largest U.S. corporations should be seized and made public property to reorganize the economy and meet everyone's basic needs.

Believes the 100 largest U.S. corporations should be seized and made public property to reorganize the economy and meet everyone's basic needs such as lowered rent prices.

Supports making a living wage with union a representation constitutional right.

Believes inflation could be eliminated with an "across-the-board price freeze."

Supports taxing "all income and assets over ten million dollars would be subject to a 100% tax – with no exceptions or loopholes – as would all offshore corporate profits."

Supports a 100% tax on all income, assets, and offshore corporate profits over $10 million with no loopholes or exceptions.

Supports canceling all debt from student loans, bail bonds, medical, and utility bills.

Supports abolishing the Supreme Court, the Senate, and the Federal Reserve.

Supports banning corporate lobbying and imposing a ban on politicians from serving on corporate boards or holding executive positions after leaving office.

Supports reparations and rebuilding Black communities to address historical injustices.

Supports reparations and rebuilding Black communities to address "historical injustices."

- Believes the 100 largest U.S. corporations should be seized and made public property to reorganize the economy and meet everyone's basic needs such as lowered rent prices.
- Supports making a living wage with union a representation constitutional right.
- Believes inflation could be eliminated with an "across-the-board price freeze."
- Supports a 100% tax on all income, assets, and offshore corporate profits over $10 million with no loopholes or exceptions.
- Supports canceling all debt from student loans, bail bonds, medical, and utility bills.
- Supports abolishing the Federal Reserve.
- Supports banning corporate lobbying and imposing a ban on politicians from serving on corporate boards or holding executive positions after leaving office.
- Supports reparations and rebuilding Black communities to address "historical injustices."

Detroit Metro Times, ‘We can’t wait for our liberation,’ 2024 socialist presidential candidate Claudia De la Cruz says

Opposes wealthy individuals making large donations to influence elections.

Opposes high-income individuals making large donations to influence elections.

Supports publicly financed campaigning and closing loopholes like Super PACs that allow billionaires to bypass donation limits.

Supports publicly financed campaigning and closing loopholes like Super PACs that allow high-income individuals to bypass donation limits.

Supports abolishing the Electoral College.

- Opposes high-income individuals making large donations to influence elections.
- Supports publicly financed campaigning and closing loopholes like Super PACs that allow high-income individuals to bypass donation limits.
- Supports abolishing the Electoral College.

Claudia De la Cruz

Ballotpedia, Cornel West

Cornel was born in Tulsa, Oklahoma, and grew up in Sacramento, California. He earned a bachelor's degree in Middle Eastern languages and literature from Harvard University and a master's degree and Ph.D. in philosophy from Princeton University.

Cornel works as a professor at Union Theological Seminary. He previously worked at Harvard University and Princeton University. He has written 20 books.

Cornel West's campaign for president is his first run for public office.

Supports eliminating competitive grants and allocating resources based on need.

Wants universal access to lunches for all students in K-12 schools.

Prioritizes supporting children with disabilities through early intervention services.

Said, "Strengthening our public schools affirms our collective responsibility to nurture, educate, and uplift all children in inclusive, enriching environments that celebrate diversity and foster a sense of belonging."

Promises to implement free tuition for state and community colleges.

Prioritizes setting a minimum wage for teachers to ensure fair compensation.

Supports admissions practices that consider race, ethnicity, and social class.

- Supports eliminating competitive grants and allocating resources based on need.
- Wants universal access to lunches for all students in K-12 schools.
- Prioritizes supporting children with disabilities through early intervention services.
- Said, "Strengthening our public schools affirms our collective responsibility to nurture, educate, and uplift all children in inclusive, enriching environments that celebrate diversity and foster a sense of belonging."
- Promises to implement free tuition for state and community colleges.
- Prioritizes setting a minimum wage for teachers to ensure fair compensation.
- Wants to cancel student loan debt.
- Supports admissions practices that consider race, ethnicity, and social class.

Advocates increasing funding for maternal health initiatives for Black women.

Wants to expand community health worker programs.

Supports providing personalized care such as preventive services and chronic disease management to seniors.

Said, "Beyond Medicare for All articulates a vision that transcends mere access to healthcare. It aims for a holistic approach where health justice interweaves with the social, economic, and environmental fibers of our society."

Said, "Nationalization of Healthcare Industries is a call to prioritize people's welfare over corporate profit margins. It is a bold step towards a system where medications are affordable, research is conducted for the public good, and healthcare delivery is dictated by need, not wealth."

Advocates for a Health Bill of Rights for Disabled People.

Promises to implement national free pre-K childcare.

- Advocates increasing funding for maternal health initiatives for Black women.
- Wants to expand community health worker programs.
- Supports providing personalized care such as preventive services and chronic disease management to seniors.
- Supports access to abortion.
- Said, "Beyond Medicare for All articulates a vision that transcends mere access to healthcare. It aims for a holistic approach where health justice interweaves with the social, economic, and environmental fibers of our society."
- Said, "Nationalization of Healthcare Industries is a call to prioritize people's welfare over corporate profit margins. It is a bold step towards a system where medications are affordable, research is conducted for the public good, and healthcare delivery is dictated by need, not wealth."
- Advocates for a Health Bill of Rights for Disabled People.
- Supports gender-affirming care.
- Promises to implement national free pre-K childcare.

Said, "Prioritize community-based interventions over detention for youth with lower-level offenses, ensuring the use of confinement is reserved for those who pose significant public safety risks."

Promises to address senior abuse through strengthening legal protections and resources for intervention and prevention.

Want to implement a national gun registry database.

Supports background checks, mandatory safety training, and periodic renewal processes.

Opposes militarized police training facilities.

Promises to end "mass incarceration and the prison industrial complex."

- Said, "Prioritize community-based interventions over detention for youth with lower-level offenses, ensuring the use of confinement is reserved for those who pose significant public safety risks."
- Promises to address senior abuse through strengthening legal protections and resources for intervention and prevention.
- Want to implement a national gun registry database.
- Supports background checks, mandatory safety training, and periodic renewal processes.
- Plans to close the "gun show loophole."
- Support national red flag laws.
- Opposes militarized police training facilities.
- Promises to end "mass incarceration and the prison industrial complex."

Wants to reallocate military funding to environmental and humanitarian initiatives.

Promises to disband the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO).

Wants to end military funding to Israel and advocate for "Palestinian dignity and liberation."

Prioritizes lifting the embargo and normalizing relations with Cuba.

Supports a non-interventional stance in Haiti.

Promises to streamline legal immigration processes.

Supports abolishing Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) and upholding asylum laws.

- Wants to reallocate military funding to environmental and humanitarian initiatives.
- Promises to disband the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO).
- Supports closing foreign military bases.
- Wants to end military funding to Israel and advocate for "Palestinian dignity and liberation."
- Prioritizes lifting the embargo and normalizing relations with Cuba.
- Supports a non-interventional stance in Haiti.
- Promises to streamline legal immigration processes.
- Supports abolishing Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) and upholding asylum laws.

Wants to guarantee a constitutional right to a healthy environment.

Plans to nationalize the fossil fuel industry to transition to renewable energy.

Supports ending the privatization of water resources.

- Wants to guarantee a constitutional right to a healthy environment.
- Plans to nationalize the fossil fuel industry to transition to renewable energy.
- Plans to declare a climate emergency.
- Supports ending the privatization of water resources.

As of June 6, 2025, Cornel West’s website did not contain information on this issue.

Supports "equal employment opportunities, fair compensation, and access to resources that address the extra costs associated with disabilities."

Wants to eliminate net worth limits for people with disabilities and help them receive compensation.

Supports a wealth tax on high income earners.

Supports expanding parental leave and disability benefits.

Prioritizes empowering employee-owned businesses.

Plans to ban stock buybacks and insider trading by government officials.

Said, "Housing as a Right challenges the commodification of basic needs, insisting on policies that make affordable, quality housing accessible for all, addressing the systemic inequities that deny so many a place to call home."

Promises to support seniors with pensions, secure savings, and social systems to ensure financial stability.

Promises to eliminate the "gender pay gap through the rigorous enforcement of equal pay laws and salary transparency."

Wants to implement a Workers Bill of Rights to end "right-to-work" and promote fair wages, safe work environments, and the right to organize.

Promises to enhance unionization protections.

Wants to implement contract negotiation time limits.

- Supports "equal employment opportunities, fair compensation, and access to resources that address the extra costs associated with disabilities."
- Wants to eliminate net worth limits for people with disabilities and help them receive compensation.
- Advocates creating federal public banks.
- Supports universal basic income.
- Supports a wealth tax on high income earners.
- Advocates a national $27 minimum wage.
- Supports expanding parental leave and disability benefits.
- Prioritizes empowering employee-owned businesses.
- Plans to ban stock buybacks and insider trading by government officials.
- Said, "Housing as a Right challenges the commodification of basic needs, insisting on policies that make affordable, quality housing accessible for all, addressing the systemic inequities that deny so many a place to call home."
- Promises to support seniors with pensions, secure savings, and social systems to ensure financial stability.
- Promises to eliminate the "gender pay gap through the rigorous enforcement of equal pay laws and salary transparency."
- Wants to implement a Workers Bill of Rights to end "right-to-work" and promote fair wages, safe work environments, and the right to organize.
- Supports a 4-day work week.
- Promises to enhance unionization protections.
- Wants to implement contract negotiation time limits.

Promises to make Election Day a national holiday.

Supports automatic and same-day voter registration and mail voting.

Supports term limits for Supreme Court justices and elected officials.

- Promises to make Election Day a national holiday.
- Supports automatic and same-day voter registration and mail voting.
- Promotes ranked choice voting.
- Supports term limits for Supreme Court justices and elected officials.

Youtube

Cornel West

Ballotpedia, Donald Trump

UVA Miller Center, Donald Trump: Life Before the Presidency

Donald is from New York City, New York. He has a bachelor’s degree in economics from the University of Pennsylvania. He and his wife, Melania, have one child. He has four other adult children.

The Trump Organization

Donald is currently the owner of Trump Organization, where he has been since 1971. Trump Organization is a multi-industry company involved in real estate, investing, brokerage, and property management. He previously worked as an executive producer on NBC and was the host of the reality show The Apprentice.

Donald J. Trump was previously the president of the United States from 2016 to 2020. He ran for United States president in 2020 and did not win. He ran in 1999 as a Reform Party presidential candidate but withdrew.

Opposes education on race, racism, and gender identity and said he would "cut federal funding for any school pushing critical race theory [and] radical gender ideology."

Wants school principals to be elected by parents.

Wants to cut the number of school administrators and adopt "merit pay" for teachers.

- Opposes education on race, racism, and gender identity and said he would "cut federal funding for any school pushing critical race theory [and] radical gender ideology."
- Wants school principals to be elected by parents.
- Wants to cut the number of school administrators and adopt "merit pay" for teachers.

Forbes, Trump Would Veto National Abortion Ban, Vance Says—As Democrats Hit GOP On Abortion

The Washington Post, Harris vs. Trump on abortion: Where they stand on the issue

- Supports price transparency and reducing the cost of prescription drugs and health insurance premiums.
- Opposes a federal ban on abortion and believes it should be decided by each state.
- Called Florida's 6-week abortion ban too strict, but voted against a ballot amendment to allow abortion up to 22-24 weeks after conception.
- Suggested he would consider restricting access to medication abortion pills, but previously praised a Supreme Court decision that allowed access to the drug.

Donald J. Trump

- The President is the leader of the federal Executive Branch. They are primarily responsible for implementing and enforcing laws written by Congress.
- The President influences the national laws and regulations by proposing legislation and winning support from members of Congress. They can also veto legislation that was approved by Congress, which can only then be overridden by a two-thirds vote.
- The President can pass executive orders without the approval of Congress. Examples of historic executive orders include Abraham Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation, which freed all slaves, and Franklin Roosevelt's establishment of internment camps during World War II.
- The President is the Commander in Chief of the US Armed Forces, which includes the Army, Marines, Navy, Air Force, Space Force, and Coast Guard. Only Congress can declare war, but the President plays a key role in deciding when and where to deploy troops, even when war hasn't been declared. The President also has sole nuclear launch authority.
- The President appoints and manages the Vice President and their Cabinet, which includes the heads of 15 executive departments that impact a wide range of issues, including agriculture, education, housing, and transportation.
- Outside of their official powers, the President can act as a leader to the American public, as seen in moments of crisis, like Franklin D. Roosevelt's fireside chats during the Great Depression. Additionally, their advocacy for certain policies or social issues can shape public opinion and create action, similar to how President John F. Kennedy galvanized the nation around the space race in the 1960s.